During the last twenty-five years there has been a widespread move toward more market-oriented policies and institutions across the developing and former socialist (or current transition) countries, usually in the context of more politically open societies. The most remarkable fact of this movement is that while policies have often been quite similar, results have been very different. This book attempts to lay groundwork for a political economy analysis of understanding what governments did differently - and why they did so - that led to such a wide variety of outcomes.