With international trade and the world-wide distribution of a variety of food types, new foodborne infections are continuously emerging. Currently, there are more than 250 known foodborne diseases. This comprehensive work catalogs the detection and identification methods for every major foodborne bacterial, fungal, viral, and parasitic pathogens using state-of-art molecular techniques. Each chapter contains a concise review of the pathogen concerned in respect to its biology, epidemiology, and pathogenesis; a detailed description of current molecular procedures for its detection and identification including ready-to-use protocols; and, a discussion on further research needs pertaining to improved diagnosis.