Managing Metabolic Abnormalities in the Psychiatrically Ill

Patients with mental and substance use disorders have shown higher rates of morbidity and mortality from medical illnesses than the general population, and physicians are also increasingly aware of adverse effects of psychiatric medications on metabolic and cardiovascular health. In light of these problems, this book addresses an important unmet need of patients with mental disorders - namely, the lack of integration of general medical care with psychiatric care and the related problem of barriers to collaboration and communication among health care providers. "Managing Metabolic Abnormalities in the Psychiatrically Ill" is the first book to provide a current review of the relationships among psychiatric illnesses, metabolic abnormalities, and treatment, focusing on how clinicians can tailor care to those doubly-afflicted patients. The book integrates research findings into practical clinical guidelines that spell out what psychiatrists need to know when their patients with mental illness suffer from - or are at risk of developing - obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, or the metabolic syndrome. The contributors address those risks that need to be considered in the overall context of treatment, background risks of medical illnesses associated with specific psychiatric disorders themselves, and the means of applying these data to treatment recommendations, monitoring, and clinical practice. Among the specific topics addressed are: potential effects of psychotropics on appetite, body weight, and metabolic parameters in obese patients, and the potential effects of antiobesity agents on psychotic, manic, and depressive syndromes; increased risk of type 2 diabetes among individuals with psychotic and mood disorders due to neurobiological changes and behavioral effects associated with these disorders; greater risk for cardiovascular disease among the mentally ill, stressing the importance of mental health providers understanding cardiovascular risk classification and modification strategies; and, an association between dysregulation of glucose and lipid metabolism and the related risk of type 2 diabetes during treatment with any of the eight second-generation antipsychotics currently available in the United States. It also provides guidance in choice of medications and appropriate monitoring strategies for hyperlipidemia, along with recognition of which antipsychotics pose the greatest risk and an understanding of the common dyslipidemia patterns seen with their use.