Managing Acute Decompensated Heart Failure

EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
Nomenclature and Classification of Acute Heart Failure
Epidemiology and Scope of the Problem of Decompensated Heart Failure
Clinical Profile of the Acute Heart Failure Patient
Gender Differences in Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Advanced Heart Failure
Ethnic Differences in Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Advanced Heart Failure
Aging as a Factor in the Epidemiology and Pathophysiology of Advanced Heart Failure
Pathophysiology of the Spectrum of Acute Heart Failure: Denovo heart failure; Decompensated Heart Failure; Advanced Refractory Heart failure
Low Output Acute Heart Failure
Right-sided Heart Failure and Cor Pulmonale in the Advanced Heart Failure Patient
Pathophysiology of Advanced Heart Failure in the Setting of Preserved Systolic Function
Hemodynamic Classification of Acute Heart Failure
Pathophysiology of the Hepatorenal Syndrome in Acute heart failure

DIAGNOSIS AND EVALUATION OF THE ACUTE HEART FAILURE PATIENT
Presentation of the Acute Heart Failure Patient: Signs, Symptoms, and Differential Diagnosis
Physical Examination of the Acute Heart Failure Patient Assessment of Dyspnea and other Physical Examination Parameters
Biologic Markers and Acute Heart Failure
Assessment of LV Function in the Advanced Heart Failure Patient
Diagnostic Evaluation of the Acute Heart Failure Patient with Systolic Dysfunction (cath, MRI, CXR, ECG)
Hemodynamic Monitoring and Acute Heart Failure
Non-Invasive Monitoring of the Acute Heart Failure Patient

COMORBIDITIES IN THE ACUTE HEART FAILURE PATIENT
Arrhythmias and Acute Heart Failure
Mechanical Complications in Acute Heart Failure
Ischemic Complications of Acute Heart Failure
Hypertension Complicating the Patient with Acute Heart Failure
Respiratory Failure in Acute Heart Failure
Stroke Complicating Acute Heart Failure
Psychiatry and Mental Status Changes in Acute Heart Failure
Diabetic Complications in Acute Heart Failure
Anemia Complicating Acute Heart Failure
Thromboembolic disorders in the Patient with Acute Heart Failure

TREATMENT STRATEGIES
Management of Patients with Acute Heart Failure in the Setting of Preserved Systolic Function
IV Nitroglycerin
IV Inotropes/Inodilators
IV Diuretics
IV Nesiritide
Antiplatelet Therapy
Antithrombin Therapy
Antiarrhythmic Therapy
Psychosocial Therapy and Acute Heart Failure
Pacing
AICD
EECP
Balloon Pump
Ultrafiltration
Advanced Mechanical Therapy
CABG
Transplant
SVR
Cor Cap
MVR
CPAP
In-Hospital Cardiac Rehabilitation in the Acute Heart Failure Patient
Adenosine Antagonists and Potassium Sparing Diuretics
Aldosterone Antagonists
Calcium Sensitizers
Vasopressin Antagonists
Endothelin Receptor Antagonists

ISSUES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF ACUTE HEART FAILURE
Advanced Nursing Aspects
Managing Pharmacotherapy: Focus on Alterations of Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, and Drug Interactions in the Acute Heart Failure Patient
Disease Management in the Advanced Heart Failure Patient
Economics & Quality of Life in the Advanced Heart Failure Patient
Addressing End of Life in the Acute Heart Failure Patient

FUTURE DIRECTIONS IN ACUTE HEART FAILURE
The Future of Clinical Practice and Clinical Research in Acute Heart Failure