Since the publication of the first edition in 1999, the science of probiotics and prebiotics has matured greatly and garnered more interest. While other books in the field have been published, they take the form of review chapters, and there is no other handbook on the market. This second edition updates the data in its predecessor, and it also includes material not in that first edition methods protocols, cell line and animal models, new understanding of probiotic mechanisms, information on commercially available human probiotic microorganisms, expandeddetail on the safety issue regarding novel probiotic bacteria,and coverage of prebiotics. The editors supplement their expertise by bringing in international experts to contribute chapters. As such, this second edition Handbook, brings together the information needed for the successful development of a pro- or prebiotic product from laboratory to market.