This is the first book to present in a coherent manner the theory and practice of environmental impact assessment (EIA) and strategic environmental assessment (SEA) follow-up. Without some form of follow-up, the consequences of impact assessments and the environmental outcomes of development projects will remain unknown. This handbook examines both EIA follow-up and the emerging practice of SEA follow-up, and showcases follow-up procedures in various countries in Europe, North America and Australasia.