In an age when science and technology are essential to national development worldwide, there are still comparatively few women pursuing scientific careers. Why? The French National Commission of UNESCO are leading an in-depth international debate on the access young women are allowed to education and research in the field of the exact sciences, particularly mathematics. The expert contributors to this book aim to draw to the attention of educators and teacher trainers the rarely perceived discrimination which occurs in the daily teaching of mathematics and science around the world.