Flaviviruses constitute a family of linear, single-stranded RNA(+) viruses. They cause approximately 70 different diseases which have a major impact on national economies and health authorities worldwide. This book reviews the most significant cutting edge discoveries in the flavivirus field. Aspects of molecular biology common to flaviviruses are explored in depth. Topics include the evolution and function of flavivirus RNA, flavivirus replication, laboratory diagnosis and vaccine development. Individual chapters are devoted to the molecular biology of yellow fever virus, dengue virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, and hepatitis virus C virus. This book is essential for all flavivirus researchers and a recommended text for all virology laboratories.