Over its 2000 year history, stretching from ancient times up until today, European garden art has developed into an important of Western culture. Having become an art form in its own right, it was at its most extravagant during the Renassaince and Baroque periods, as for example in the parks and gardens of the Villa d`Este in Tivoli, the palace gardens of Versailles and the Hortus Palatinus in Heidelberg.