Environmental Biotechnology has emerged as a very important and promising discipline in the last two decades. Biotechnology has shown a great promise in solving a plethora of environmental problems. This book fills a long felt gap in the field and presents research articles/review papers authored by most active researchers in this area. Broadly the topics covered are: Waste management, Sludge Management, UASB reactor, microbes for heavy metal uptake, SBR technology, specialist microbial culture for wastewater treatment and aerobiodegradation of organic compounds. A number of papers deal with biopesticides and biocolours. Considerable emphasis in the book is given on Phytoremediation of contaminated soils and waters for pesticides, heavy metals, complex organic compounds, nitro compounds, RDX & HMX. Earthworm Biotechnology is also dealt extensively in the book. Aquatic plants based biotechnological applications in pollution control as well as use of these plants as compost, biofertilizers etc., are also discussed. Biofertilizer biotechnology encompassing blue-green algae and phosphate solubilizing microorganisms are extensively covered. Various other topics covered in the book are biotechnology in solving mining area problems, enzymatic cotton dealing, removal and reuse of several environmental contaminants, biogas technology. Bioaerosols in environmental perspectives. Marine Environmental Biotechnology and control of biofouling are also part of this book. The book will be highly useful to the teachers, students and researchers in Biotechnology, Environmental Science, Microbiology, Botany, Zoology, Environmental Engineering and many other disciplines.